Update Query Generated By Fetch Query Sql Database. You can change the contents of multiple rows in one operation by using an Update query. SQL Server 2016; See all trials. Execution of a cursor places the row generated by the query into the result set. The database can fetch result set rows either one row at a time or in.
The INSERT statement lets you add one or more rows to a table or view in a SQL Server database. The statement is one of the primary data modification language (DML) statements available in Transact-SQL, along with UPDATE, MERGE, and DELETE. You can use the INSERT statement to add data that you specifically define, or you can add data that you retrieve from other tables or views. You can also include an OUTPUT clause in your INSERT statement to capture the statement’s results for auditing or verification purposes. In this article, I explain how to use the INSERT statement to add data to SQL Server tables.
The examples I show are based on the AdventureWorks2008 sample database, installed on a local instance of SQL Server 2008. However, you can run most of these examples against the AdventureWorks database in SQL Server 2005, with minor modifications, such as changing the database name.
Where appropriate, I note which features are not supported in 2005. NOTE: One of the views I reference in the AdventureWorks2008 database (the SalesPerson view) includes the BusinessEntityID column. This column is referred to as the SalesPersonID column in the AdventureWorks database. Performing a Basic Insert In a basic INSERT statement you must specify the name of the target table and the data values you want to insert into that table.
When necessary, you should qualify that table name with the name of the server, database, or schema. To demonstrate how to create a basic INSERT statement, I first used the following code to create the SalesStaff1 table in the AdventureWorks2008 database. INSERT INTO SalesStaff1 VALUES ( 1, 'Stephen', 'Jiang' ); Notice that the statement begins with the INSERT keyword, followed by the INTO keyword. The INTO keyword is optional. Often you’ll see it used. Often you will not.
After the INSERT keyword and optional INTO keyword, you specify the name of the target table, which in this case is SalesStaff1. Next you specify the VALUES keyword and then the values themselves. Notice that the values are enclosed in parentheses and separated by commas. In addition, string values are enclosed in single quotation marks. The values are inserted into the table in the order they’re specified in the clause. That means the values must be in the same order as the columns are defined in the table.
In this case, 1 is inserted into the table’s first column (StaffID), Stephen is inserted into the second column (FirstName), and Jiang is inserted into the third column (LastName). That’s all there is to inserting a row into a table. However, as is often the case, you might want to add multiple rows to a table in a single statement.
Prior to SQL Server 2008, this was not possible, but now the INSERT statement let’s you specify multiple rows, as shown in the following example. ( 5, 'Garrett', 'Vargas' ); As you can see, you must still specify the INSERT keyword, the name of the target table, and the VALUES keyword. However, instead of a single set of parentheses, you now have a set for each row to be inserted into the table.
The value sets are then separated with commas. Now when you run the statement, all four rows will be added to the SalesStaff1 table. Inserting Specific Column Values The examples in the previous section are INSERT statements at their simplest. They assume that you will add one value to each column in the table for each row you plan to insert. However, it’s not always that easy. In many cases, you’ll want to insert values into specific columns, but not all columns.
For example, if you have an IDENTITY column, you might not want to insert a value into that, but instead allow the database engine to generate the next value automatically. However, the INSERT statement, as it is used in the previous examples, requires one value for each column. If you do not specify an appropriate value for each column, you will generate an error. To address this issue, the INSERT statement supports an additional component that lets you specify which columns should receive values. The values you specify are then inserted into those columns. Columns that are not specified are assumed to generate their own values, as is the case with IDENTITY columns, calculated columns, or columns for which a default value has been defined.
For example, the following code creates the SalesStaff2 table, which includes columns that do not require values to be explicitly added. FROM SalesStaff2; Notice that I add the list of columns after I specify the INSERT INTO keywords and the name of the target table. The columns are enclosed in parentheses and separated with commas. The data that I specify in the VALUES clause must then correspond to these columns. In this case, the VALUES clause includes three values. The first is the NEWID function, which generates a GUID for the StaffGUID column. The second value, Stephen, is inserted into the FirstName column, and the third value, Jiang, is inserted into the LastName column.
As you can see, I do not include the column names or values for any of the columns whose values are generated automatically. I can include a value for the StaffID column, if the database is configured to allow me to override IDENTIY values. I can also include a value to override the default ModifiedDate value. In either case, I must include the name of the column after the INSERT clause and include the value in the VALUES clause, in the correct order. As you’ve no doubt noticed, I’ve added a SELECT statement after the INSERT statement in the example above.
The statement returns the values that were generated automatically when I inserted the rows, as shown in the following results: StaffID StaffGUID FullName ModifiedDate 1 C96716E5-2DEE-4887-80C9-F0C3A1D38B98 Stephen Jiang 2010-09-21 07:56:59.487 That’s all there is to adding data to specific columns. You simply provide the name of the columns that should receive values and then you specify those values.
You can specify the column names in any order. Just be sure that the data in the VALUES clause corresponds to the column order. Now let’s look at what happens when you don’t explicitly define your values.
Retrieving Data from External Tables In the previous examples, the VALUES clause includes a set of values that are enclosed in parentheses and separated by commas. But you don’t always have to explicitly specify the values. You can instead retrieve the values through a SELECT statement or through a stored procedure. To demonstrate how this works, I first created the SalesStaff3 table, shown in the following code. SELECT. FROM SalesStaff3; You can replace the VALUES clause with any valid SELECT statement that returns the appropriate data. In this case, I’m retrieving the BusinessEntityID values and names of the top five salespeople, based on BusinessEntityID.
WHERE StaffID BETWEEN 284 AND 288; Notice that in place of a VALUES clause or SELECT statement, I’ve included an EXECUTE (EXEC) statement that calls the spSalesStaff stored procedure. When I run the INSERT statement, the procedure is executed and the returned data is inserted into the SalesStaff3 table. The following results confirm that the data has been inserted: StaffID FullName ModifiedDate 284 Tete Mensa-Annan 2010-09-21 08:36:30.207 285 Syed Abbas 2010-09-21 08:36:30.207 286 Lynn Tsoflias 2010-09-21 08:36:30.207 287 Amy Alberts 2010-09-21 08:36:30.207 288 Rachel Valdez 2010-09-21 08:36:30.207 As you can see, inserting data through a SELECT statement or stored procedure provides a simple way to add multiple rows to a table, without having to explicitly define each value.
Adding an OUTPUT Clause Starting with SQL Server 2005, DML statements supported the OUTPUT clause, which lets you output the modified table to another table or variable. In the case of the INSERT statement, you can use the OUTPUT clause to track the data that is being inserted into your table. For example, the following INSERT statement uses the OUTPUT clause to output the inserted values to a table variable. SELECT.
FROM @ InsertOutput; I first declare the @InsertOutput variable and configure it with two columns: StaffID and FullName. These two columns correspond to the same two columns in the SalesStaff3 table used in the examples in the previous section. After I declare the variable, I define the INSERT statement, which uses a SELECT statement to retrieve data from the vSalesPerson view. The INSERT statement also includes an OUTPUT clause, which follows the INSERT clause and list of columns. The OUTPUT clause captures the data inserted into the StaffID and FullName columns and saves them to the @InsertOutput variable. NOTE: For a full discussion of the OUTPUT clause, see the Simple-Talk article “Implementing the OUTPUT Clause in SQL Server 2008” (After the INSERT statement, I include a SELECT statement to verify that the data was inserted into the SalesStaff3 table. The statement returns the following results: StaffID FullName ModifiedDate 289 Jae Pak 2010-09-21 08:49:03.983 290 Ranjit Varkey Chudukatil 2010-09-21 08:49:03.983 I also include a second SELECT statement to retrieve the contents of the @InsertOutput, after the outputted data has been saved to the variable.
The following table shows the contents of the variable: StaffID FullName 289 Jae Pak 290 Ranjit Varkey Chudukatil That’s about all there is to implementing an OUTPUT clause in your INSERT statement. In fact, that’s about all there is to working with the INSERT statement. Note, however, that the INSERT statement supports a few other features.
So be sure to check out the topic “INSERT (Transact-SQL)” in SQL Server Books Online. You can also find additional examples of the INSERT statement in the topic “INSERT Examples (Transact-SQL)” in SQL Server Books Online. We have supplied the full-size railroad diagrams for the INSERT and OUTPUT clauses as PDF files which can be downloaded below. Robert Sheldon left the Colorado Rockies and emergency rescue work to pursue safer and less painful interests—thus his entry into the world of technology. He is now a technical consultant and the author of numerous books, articles, and training material related to Microsoft Windows, various relational database management systems, and business intelligence design and implementation.
He has also written news stories, feature articles, restaurant reviews, legal summaries, and the novels. You can find more information at.
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What if I wanted to insert multiple rows at once, but each row had to have a value that is calculated based on the prior inserts. For example, let’s say all of your sales people had a priority per region. Let’s say I’d insert 3 new sales people, the priority for each would be a count of people already in their region, so if there were say 5 people already, the priority for the 1st new person would be 6, next person 7, next person 8.
If I put a sub-query for a priority column, all new people end up with a priority 6. Also in For many developers, database security and Access control is just something that gets in the way of development work. However, several recent security breaches have had devastating consequences and have caused a change in attitude about the value to any organisation of having database applications that meet industry standards for access control and security. The problem, however is in admitting that you have a problem and finding answers to those problems you are just too shy to ask in public.
Many years ago, I created a simple demo about “Creating a Simple Registration Form using the ADO.NET way”. In this article, we’re going to look at how to create a simple form that would allow users to perform basic database operations, such as fetch, insert, update and delete using L2S. As an overview, LINQ to SQL is a technology that allows you to query SQL Server database. LINQ to SQL is an O/RM (object relational mapping) implementation that ships in the.NET Framework 'Orcas' release, and which allows you to model a relational database using.NET classes. You can then query the database using LINQ, as well as update/insert/delete data from it.
I will not cover much on details about it in this article. So, if you need to know more about this technology, then you can refer to this. Let’s Get Started! To get started, let’s go ahead and fire up Visual Studio and create a new WebSite by selecting File New WebSite. Adding a DBML File Since we are going to use L2S, we need to add a.dbml file.
To do this, just right click on the application root and select Add New Item. On the template, select LINQ to SQL Classes file, just like in the figure shown below, Rename your.dbml file the way you want it and then click OK. Note that I’m using the Northwind database for this particular demo, and on that account, I have renamed the.dbml file to Northwind for simplicity.
Now, open up server explorer in Visual Studio and browse the database that you want to work on (in this case, the Northwind database). Just for the purpose of this example, we’re going to use the Customers table from the Northwind database. Drag and drop the aforementioned table to the Northwind.dbml design surface.
See the screenshot below, What happened there is that by the time you drag a table in the design surface, L2S will automatically generate the business object for you within the DataContext, and let you query against it. The DataContext is the main gateway by which you retrieve objects from the database and resubmit changes. You use it in the same way that you would use an ADO.NET Connection. In fact, the DataContext is initialized with a connection or connection string you supply. The purpose of the DataContext is to translate your requests for objects into SQL queries made against the database and then assemble objects out of the results.
The DataContext enables language-integrated query (LINQ) by implementing the same operator pattern as the standard query operators, such as Where and Select. Setting Up the GUI Now, let’s go ahead and create a new WebForm’s page for data entry.
For the simplicity of this demo, I just set up the form like below.